在ACCA考試中，F(xiàn)2科目里Production overhead比較多知識(shí)點(diǎn)需要考生掌握理解的，接下來會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)就跟大家講解Production overhead T account + 會(huì)計(jì)分錄考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。

　　Q：對(duì)于Production overhead究竟需要掌握哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)，掌握到什么程度?

　　A：大家需要掌握3部分的內(nèi)容：

　　1) Production overhead T account 借方有哪些交易?

　　2) Production overhead T account 貸方有哪些交易?

　　3) Production overhead T account多吸少吸的表現(xiàn)，及對(duì)利潤(rùn)表的印象

　　1、Production overhead T account 借方有哪些交易?

　　2、Production overhead T account 貸方有哪些交易?

　　3、Production overhead T account多吸少吸的表達(dá)，及對(duì)利潤(rùn)表的印象

　　4、習(xí)題帶練

　　題目給出的是Over/under absorbed overhead 的T 字賬戶，

　　我們發(fā)現(xiàn)P/L在T字賬戶右邊，對(duì)應(yīng)黃色文字的分錄，所以可以判斷出under absorbed 4000

　　我們可以寫如下會(huì)計(jì)分錄

　　Dr Over/Under absorbed $ 4000

　　Cr Production oh $ 4000

　　Dr P/L $ 4000

　　Cr Over/Under absorbed $ 4000

　　所以選項(xiàng)D說over absorbed是錯(cuò)的。

　　又因?yàn)? 4000對(duì)應(yīng)的是金額，所以選項(xiàng)C說labor hours were 4000是錯(cuò)的。

　　選項(xiàng)A和B是相反意思，選擇其一即可。

　　由于是Under absorbed

　　則有Actual Production oh > Absorbed Production oh

　　Actual Production oh - Absorbed Production oh=Under absorbed=4000

　　題目已知Actual Production oh= Budget Production oh

　　替換上一行公式得到：Budget Production oh- Absorbed Production oh=4000

　　已知灰色公式

　　Absorbed production oh

　　=OAR*Actual activity level

　　Budget Production

　　=OAR* Budget activity level

　　提取公因式并二次替換公式得到：

　　OAR* (Budget activity level- Actual activity level)=4000

　　題目中已知OAR=$5 per labor hour

　　代入得到Budget activity level- Actual activity level=800 labor hours

　　這里的activity level就是labor hour

　　所以選擇A，Actual direct labor house were 800 less than budgeted

　　來源：ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

　　在ACCA考試當(dāng)中，MA科目有不少計(jì)算考題會(huì)難倒很多考生，對(duì)此會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)今天為大家?guī)碛嘘P(guān)MA科目幾道經(jīng)典考題，各位考生在作答完后可以看看答案解析進(jìn)行加以理解。

　　第一題

　　A company has the following budgeted costs and revenues:($ per unit)

　　Sales price 50

　　Variable production cost 18

　　Fixed production cost 10

　　In the most recent period, 2,000 units were produced and 1,000 units were sold. Actual sales price, variable production cost per unit and total fixed production costs were all as budgeted. Fixed production costs were over-absorbed by $4,000. There was no opening inventory for the period.

　　What would be the reduction in profit for the period if the company has used marginal costing rather than absorption costing?

　　A. 4,000

　　B. 6,000

　　C. 10,000

　　D. 14,000

　　答案：C

　　解析：考察AC和MC下利潤(rùn)調(diào)整公式AC=MC+OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory); Opening inventory + Production-Sales = Closing inventory;

　　得出Closing inventory- Opening inventory= Production-Sales=2000-1000=1000;最終AC-MC= OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=10*1000=10000。MC= AC-OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=26000-10*1000=16000

　　第二題

　　The following data relates to a company’s overhead cost.

　　Using the high low technique, what is the variable cost per unit (to the nearest $ 0.01) expressed in current year price?

　　A. $3.22

　　B. $4.13

　　C. $4.65

　　D. $5.06

　　答案：B

　　解析：將兩年前的Overhead costs調(diào)整到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格水平下，即=3700*(155/121)=4739.67。高低點(diǎn)求出y=a+bx中的b，即=(13000-4739.67)/(3000-1000)=4.13

　　第三題

　　An investment centre earns a return on investment of 18% and a residual income of $300000. The cost of capital is 15%. A new project offers a return on capital employed of 17%.

　　If the new project were adopted, what would happen to the investment centre’s return on investment and residual income?

　　Return on investment Residual income

　　A Increase Decrease

　　B Increase Decrease

　　C Decrease Decrease

　　D Decrease Increase

　　答案：D

　　解析：新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%<投資中心的ROCE 18%，則投資新項(xiàng)目會(huì)造成投資中心部門整體ROCE的下降;但新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%>The cost of capital 15%;RI=Controllable profit-Controllable interest=Capital employed*17%- Capital employed*15%>0;則投資新項(xiàng)目會(huì)造成投資中心部門整體RI的上升。

　　第四題

　　A company calculates the following under a standard absorption costing system.

　　(i) The sales volume margin variance

　　(ii) The total fixed overhead variance

　　(iii) The total variable overhead variance

　　If a company changed to a standard marginal costing system, which variances could change in value?

　　A. (i) only

　　B. (ii) only

　　C. (i) and (ii) only

　　D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

　　答案：C

　　解析：(i)在AC下是Sales volume profit variance，在MC下是Sales volume contribution variance;(ii)在AC下是等于Fixed OH expenditure variance加上Fixed OH volume variance，在MC下只有Fixed OH expenditure variance。

　　來源：ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

　　在備考ACCA過程中，做題同樣也是一個(gè)必不可少的重要環(huán)節(jié)，尤其對(duì)于歷年的真題考生一定要做到舉一反三，下面會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)給大家?guī)黻P(guān)于MA科目幾道經(jīng)典例題，并針對(duì)相關(guān)高頻考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)講解。

　　第一題

　　A company has the following budgeted costs and revenues:($ per unit)

　　Sales price 50

　　Variable production cost 18

　　Fixed production cost 10

　　In the most recent period, 2,000 units were produced and 1,000 units were sold. Actual sales price, variable production cost per unit and total fixed production costs were all as budgeted. Fixed production costs were over-absorbed by $4,000. There was no opening inventory for the period.

　　What would be the reduction in profit for the period if the company has used marginal costing rather than absorption costing?

　　A. 4,000

　　B. 6,000

　　C. 10,000

　　D. 14,000

　　答案：C

　　解析：考察AC和MC下利潤(rùn)調(diào)整公式AC=MC+OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory); Opening inventory + Production-Sales = Closing inventory;

　　得出Closing inventory- Opening inventory= Production-Sales=2000-1000=1000;最終AC-MC= OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=10*1000=10000。MC= AC-OAR*(Closing inventory-Opening inventory)=26000-10*1000=16000

　　第二題

　　The following data relates to a company’s overhead cost.

　　Using the high low technique, what is the variable cost per unit (to the nearest $ 0.01) expressed in current year price?

　　A. $3.22

　　B. $4.13

　　C. $4.65

　　D. $5.06

　　答案：B

　　解析：將兩年前的Overhead costs調(diào)整到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格水平下，即=3700*(155/121)=4739.67。高低點(diǎn)求出y=a+bx中的b，即=(13000-4739.67)/(3000-1000)=4.13

　　第三題

　　An investment centre earns a return on investment of 18% and a residual income of $300000. The cost of capital is 15%. A new project offers a return on capital employed of 17%.

　　If the new project were adopted, what would happen to the investment centre’s return on investment and residual income?

　　Return on investment Residual income

　　A Increase Decrease

　　B Increase Decrease

　　C Decrease Decrease

　　D Decrease Increase

　　答案：D

　　解析：新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%<投資中心的ROCE 18%，則投資新項(xiàng)目會(huì)造成投資中心部門整體ROCE的下降;但新項(xiàng)目的ROCE 17%>The cost of capital 15%;RI=Controllable profit-Controllable interest=Capital employed*17%- Capital employed*15%>0;則投資新項(xiàng)目會(huì)造成投資中心部門整體RI的上升。

　　第四題

　　A company calculates the following under a standard absorption costing system.

　　(i) The sales volume margin variance

　　(ii) The total fixed overhead variance

　　(iii) The total variable overhead variance

　　If a company changed to a standard marginal costing system, which variances could change in value?

　　A. (i) only

　　B. (ii) only

　　C. (i) and (ii) only

　　D. (i), (ii) and (iii)

　　答案：C

　　解析：(i)在AC下是Sales volume profit variance，在MC下是Sales volume contribution variance;(ii)在AC下是等于Fixed OH expenditure variance加上Fixed OH volume variance，在MC下只有Fixed OH expenditure variance。

　　來源：ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫