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    文章ACCA核心考點(diǎn)精講:合并報(bào)表Goodwill的計(jì)算
    2020-10-28 15:16:11 6644 瀏覽

      在ACCA考試中,F(xiàn)R考試科目?jī)傻缊?bào)表題依舊是ACCA重難點(diǎn)題目,即使考生通過(guò)聽(tīng)課、做題進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí),但還是有很多人理解不了這考點(diǎn)知識(shí)。對(duì)此,會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)今天就為大家著重詳細(xì)講解一下關(guān)于合并報(bào)表Goodwill的計(jì)算問(wèn)題。

    ACCA核心考點(diǎn)精講

      考點(diǎn)一:Fair value of consideration

      指的是母公司為了收購(gòu)子公司所有要付出的consideration(對(duì)價(jià))的公允價(jià)值,而consideration在FR考試中出現(xiàn)過(guò)五種形式,一般來(lái)說(shuō)一道題中會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩到三種。

      1. 以cash的形式收購(gòu)。

      這種情況下cash的數(shù)額直接作為fair value of consideration 。

      2. 以shares的形式收購(gòu)。

      要注意的是,母公司用來(lái)收購(gòu)子公司的shares不是已有的,而是新增發(fā)出來(lái)的,很多考題中會(huì)說(shuō)“the share exchange has not been recorded”, 意思是需要考生自己在最后的報(bào)表中加上這新增的股票帶來(lái)的share capital 和share premium.

      3. 以debts的形式收購(gòu)。

      母公司向子公司的原股東免費(fèi)發(fā)行debts以此來(lái)收購(gòu)其手中的股票。

      4. 以deferred consideration的形式收購(gòu)。

      deferred consideration(遞延對(duì)價(jià))需注意的問(wèn)題是要做折現(xiàn)。

      5. 以contingent consideration 的形式收購(gòu)。

      這一類對(duì)價(jià)處理起來(lái)非常簡(jiǎn)單,題目會(huì)告訴你一個(gè)Fair value,考生直接使用即可。

      注意:所有的對(duì)價(jià)都是母公司給子公司原股東的,因此這些對(duì)價(jià)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在子公司的報(bào)表上。

      我們來(lái)看一道歷年真題:

      “On 1 October 2012, Paradigm acquired 75% of Strata’s equity shares by means of a share exchange of two new shares in Paradigm for every five acquired shares in Strata. In addition, Paradigm issued to the shareholders of Strata a $100 10% loan note for every 1,000 shares it acquired in Strata. Paradigm has not recorded any of the purchase consideration, although it does have other 10% loan notes already in issue. The market value of Paradigm’s shares at 1 October 2012 was $2 each.”

      計(jì)算一下Fair value of consideration。

      寫(xiě)成分錄:

      Dr Investment in Subsidiary 13,500

      Cr Share capital 6,000

      Share premium 6,000

      Loan note 1,500

      考點(diǎn)二:Fair value of Non-controlling interest

      FR考試中Fair value of Non-controlling interest出現(xiàn)過(guò)三種考試形式:

      1.題目直接告訴Fair value;

      2.要求考生按照NCI所持有的股票數(shù)量乘以股價(jià)計(jì)算;

      3.要求考生按照NCI占子公司Net asset(凈資產(chǎn))的比例來(lái)計(jì)算。

      (其中考官表示在大題中不考查第3種形式。)

      考點(diǎn)三:Fair value of Net asset of Subsidiary

      第一步,確定Carrying amount of Net asset, 也就是Carrying amount of Equity。

      Equity的構(gòu)成部分主要有Share capital/Retained earnings/Revaluation surplus…看題目具體科目。需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,我們需要的數(shù)字一定都是在acquisition date(收購(gòu)日)。

      第二步,找出子公司凈資產(chǎn)的Fair value 和Carrying amount 的差異并調(diào)整。

      一般題目會(huì)直接告訴Fair value超過(guò)或者低于Carrying amount多少。

      在一些特殊題目中,子公司可能會(huì)被新確認(rèn)某個(gè)資產(chǎn)或者負(fù)債,從而影響其Fair value。

      來(lái)看這道歷年真題

      “At the date of acquisition, the fair values of Greca’s assets were equal to their carrying amounts with the exception of two items:

      – An item of plant had a fair value of $1·8 million above its carrying amount. The remaining life of the plant at the date of acquisition was three years. Depreciation is charged to cost of sales.

      – Greca had a contingent liability which Viagem estimated to have a fair value of $450,000. This has not changed as at 30 September 2012.

      Greca has not incorporated these fair value changes into its financial statements.”

      計(jì)算一下Fair value adjustment:

      好了,梳理完這三個(gè)考點(diǎn),你能解鎖Goodwill了嗎,趕快自己練習(xí)起來(lái)吧!

           來(lái)源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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    文章如何理解公允價(jià)值?是如何確定的?
    2020-07-02 19:42:55 2648 瀏覽

      公允價(jià)值也被稱為公允市價(jià)、公允價(jià)格。會(huì)計(jì)理論當(dāng)中,公允價(jià)值盡可能反映報(bào)告時(shí)點(diǎn)企業(yè)的資產(chǎn)的市場(chǎng)價(jià)值。那么如何理解公允價(jià)值?來(lái)跟隨會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)一同了解下吧!

    公允價(jià)值含義

      公允價(jià)值是什么意思?

      公允價(jià)值(Fair Value)也稱為公允市價(jià)、公允價(jià)格。具體指的是熟悉市場(chǎng)情況的買賣雙方,在公平交易和自愿的情況下所確定的價(jià)格。

      公允價(jià)值可以通俗理解為市場(chǎng)參與者在計(jì)量日發(fā)生的有序交易中,出售一項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)所能收到或者轉(zhuǎn)移一項(xiàng)負(fù)債所需支付的價(jià)格。

      我們可以從以下幾點(diǎn)來(lái)理解公允價(jià)值:

      1、公允價(jià)值在公平交易的不受干擾的市場(chǎng)中產(chǎn)生。但如果沒(méi)有相應(yīng)證據(jù)可以證明所進(jìn)行的交易為不公平或不自愿的,那么市場(chǎng)交易價(jià)格也就是我們說(shuō)的公允價(jià)值。

      2、某些事項(xiàng)不存在實(shí)際交易的情況下,我們可以將市場(chǎng)上相類似的交易價(jià)格作為公允價(jià)值的計(jì)量基礎(chǔ)。如果在市場(chǎng)上不能找出相類似的交易價(jià)格,則必須是在合理的基礎(chǔ)上估計(jì)相關(guān)的計(jì)量屬性。

      公允價(jià)值的基本要求

      公允價(jià)值的基本要求包括以公允價(jià)值計(jì)量相關(guān)資產(chǎn)或負(fù)債;應(yīng)用于相關(guān)資產(chǎn)或負(fù)債公允價(jià)值計(jì)量的有序交易;有序交易發(fā)生的主要市場(chǎng)或最有利市場(chǎng)。

      公允價(jià)值的確定方法

      1、換入資產(chǎn)或換出資產(chǎn)若是存在活躍市場(chǎng),則按照市場(chǎng)價(jià)格為基礎(chǔ)對(duì)公允價(jià)值進(jìn)行確定。

      2、換入資產(chǎn)或換出資產(chǎn)若是不存在活躍市場(chǎng),但在同類或類似資產(chǎn)存在活躍市場(chǎng)的情況下,應(yīng)以同類或類似資產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)價(jià)格作為基礎(chǔ)確定公允價(jià)值。

      3、如果換入資產(chǎn)或換出資產(chǎn)不存在同類或類似資產(chǎn)可比交易市場(chǎng),則可以采取估值技術(shù)對(duì)公允價(jià)值進(jìn)行確定。

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    文章ACCA高頻考點(diǎn)講解:Disposal of subsidiary
    2021-10-13 11:20:26 979 瀏覽

      在ACCA考試中,Disposal of subsidiary經(jīng)常都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在試卷里,對(duì)于初次報(bào)名的考生,很多人不太了解這考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,今天會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)就跟大家進(jìn)行講解。

    ACCA高頻考點(diǎn)講解

      01、在母公司的單體報(bào)表中

      首先,在母公司的單體報(bào)表中,投資子公司時(shí)會(huì)計(jì)處理如下: DR Investment in subsidiary CR Cash

      因此對(duì)子公司的投資作為Investment in subsidiary出現(xiàn)Profit/loss on disposal = Proceeds (fair value of consideration received) – carrying amount of the investment disposed of

      其中proceed是母公司獲得的處置收入,carrying amount of the investment disposed of是母公司單體報(bào)表中這筆投資的賬面價(jià)值。

      02 、在集團(tuán)報(bào)表中

      在集團(tuán)報(bào)表中,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)Investment in subsidiary,而是將其拆為子公司的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債,因此在合并報(bào)表中母公司的投資價(jià)值以子公司的資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債和收購(gòu)后子公司的權(quán)益變動(dòng)出現(xiàn)。

      在母公司不完全控股的情況下,集團(tuán)報(bào)表中存在NCI,當(dāng)母公司處置子公司后,集團(tuán)報(bào)表中的NCI、子公司凈資產(chǎn)和商譽(yù)處置后都不存在,因此在計(jì)算處置利得或損失時(shí),公式如下:Group profit/loss on disposal = fair value of consideration received + NCI at disposal – carrying amount of net asset in S at date of disposal – Goodwill at disposal

      處置后,子公司所有的凈資產(chǎn)都會(huì)從集團(tuán)報(bào)表消失,而子公司的凈資產(chǎn)由母公司和NCI共同擁有,因此要用處置時(shí)母公司收到的對(duì)價(jià),加處置時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值減去處置時(shí)子公司凈資產(chǎn)的價(jià)值(包括處置時(shí)子公司的商譽(yù))計(jì)算。

      單體報(bào)表和集團(tuán)報(bào)表的計(jì)算差異在于單體報(bào)表不存在NCI, 而集團(tuán)報(bào)表存在NCI

      另外需要提醒大家的是:NCI是權(quán)益科目,在合并報(bào)表的Equity 項(xiàng)下

      處置時(shí)一定要注意用的是處置時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值,有些題目會(huì)給大家收購(gòu)時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值,這時(shí)大家需要用公式:收購(gòu)時(shí)NCI價(jià)值+收購(gòu)后子公司權(quán)益的變動(dòng)*NCI控股=處置時(shí)的NCI的價(jià)值來(lái)算出處置時(shí)的NCI

      03 、兩道題分析

      下面我們用2道題來(lái)分析對(duì)比處置子公司單體報(bào)表和合并報(bào)表的處理:

      1.Wind purchased 80% of the ordinary shares Snow for $8 million many years ago and holds the investment in its individual statement of financial position at cost. On 30 September 20X3, Wind disposed of its shares in Snow for $20 million in cash.

      What is the profit arising on the disposal of the shares that will be recorded in Wind’s individual statement of profit or loss for the year ended 30 September 20X3?

      下面我們來(lái)分析本題:Individual statement of P/L表示本題計(jì)算的是單體報(bào)表的處置利得或損失

      因此本題要計(jì)算母公司收到的處置收入和處置時(shí)這筆投資在母公司單體報(bào)表的賬面價(jià)值

      W購(gòu)買80%的S公司股票,購(gòu)買對(duì)價(jià)8000K。單體報(bào)表按照成本法入賬,因此后續(xù)投資價(jià)值始終不變

      在X3.9.30,W公司處置S公司,處置對(duì)價(jià)20,000K

      根據(jù)公式我們可以得出:

      Profit/loss on disposal = Proceeds (fair value of consideration received) – carrying amount of the investment disposed of =20000K-8000K=12000K,即為本題答案。

      2. On 30 lune 20X4, the Tea group disposed of its 60% holding in the ordinary shares of Coffee for $30 million in cash. The non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was measured at its fair value of $4.4 million.

      Coffee's net assets at the acquisition and the disposal date were $10 million and $16 million respectively. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of Coffee of $2 million had been fully impaired by the disposal date.

      What is the profit or loss arising on the disposal of Coffee that will be recorded in the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 20X4?

      A Profit of $20.0 million B Profit of $18.2 millionC Profit of $20.4 million D Profit of $20.2 million

      下面來(lái)分析本題:Consolidated statement of P/L表示本題計(jì)算合并報(bào)表的處置利得或損失

      因此本題要計(jì)算母公司的處置收入,處置當(dāng)天NCI的價(jià)值、處置當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)的價(jià)值和處置當(dāng)天的商譽(yù)

      X4.6.30集團(tuán)處置60%的C公司股份,收到30m現(xiàn)金,收購(gòu)日當(dāng)天NCI的價(jià)值4400K

      收購(gòu)日當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)10000K,處置當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)16000K

      收購(gòu)產(chǎn)生的2000K商譽(yù)在處置當(dāng)天完全減值

      首先計(jì)算處置當(dāng)天NCI的數(shù)值。由于本題使用公允價(jià)值計(jì)量NCI,因此商譽(yù)的減值有一部分要分給NCI:NCI at disposal = 4400K+ (16000K-10000K)*40%-2000K*40%=6000K

      另外注意處置當(dāng)天商譽(yù)的價(jià)值減值到0,因此:Group profit/loss on disposal = fair value of consideration received + Fair value of NCI – Carrying amount at date of disposal– Goodwill at disposal = 30000K+6000K-16000K-0=20000K=20m

      謝謝大家,今天的講解到此結(jié)束,祝大家備考順利!

      來(lái)源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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    文章ACCA(FR科目)必考點(diǎn):Disposal of subsidiary
    2020-11-11 14:24:01 1046 瀏覽

      今天和大家講解母公司處置子公司時(shí)處置利得或損失在單體報(bào)表和合并報(bào)表的計(jì)算差異。這部分內(nèi)容會(huì)在報(bào)表分析,合并報(bào)表中考察,回顧歷年真題,17.18.19連續(xù)三年大題都考察到了這部分知識(shí)點(diǎn),因此對(duì)于這部分內(nèi)容要求大家理解原理,做到舉一反三。

           ACCA高頻考點(diǎn)解析:要約與要約邀請(qǐng)的區(qū)別

    ACCA(FR科目)必考點(diǎn)

      當(dāng)子公司被處置時(shí),母公司單體報(bào)表和合并報(bào)表都需要體現(xiàn)處置利得或損失。

      1.在母公司的單體報(bào)表中投資子公司時(shí)會(huì)計(jì)處理如下:

      DR Investment in subsidiary CR Cash,

      因此對(duì)子公司的投資作為Investment in subsidiary出現(xiàn):

      Profit/loss on disposal = Proceeds (fair value of consideration received) – carrying amount of the investment disposed of

      其中proceed是母公司獲得的處置收入,carrying amount of the investment disposed of是母公司單體報(bào)表中這筆投資的賬面價(jià)值。

      2. 在集團(tuán)報(bào)表中,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)Investment in subsidiary,而是將其拆為子公司的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債,因此在合并報(bào)表中母公司的投資價(jià)值以子公司的資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債和收購(gòu)后子公司的權(quán)益變動(dòng)出現(xiàn)在母公司不完全控股的情況下,集團(tuán)報(bào)表中存在NCI,當(dāng)母公司處置子公司后,集團(tuán)報(bào)表中的NCI、子公司凈資產(chǎn)和商譽(yù)處置后都不存在,因此在計(jì)算處置利得或損失時(shí),公式如下:

      Group profit/loss on disposal = fair value of consideration received + NCI at disposal – carrying amount of net asset in S at date of disposal – Goodwill at disposal

      處置后,子公司所有的凈資產(chǎn)都會(huì)從集團(tuán)報(bào)表消失,而子公司的凈資產(chǎn)由母公司和NCI共同擁有,因此要用處置時(shí)母公司收到的對(duì)價(jià),加處置時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值減去處置時(shí)子公司凈資產(chǎn)的價(jià)值(包括處置時(shí)子公司的商譽(yù))計(jì)算。

      單體報(bào)表和集團(tuán)報(bào)表的計(jì)算差異在于單體報(bào)表不存在NCI, 而集團(tuán)報(bào)表存在NCI。

      另外需要提醒大家的是:NCI是權(quán)益科目,在合并報(bào)表的Equity 項(xiàng)下處置時(shí)一定要注意用的是處置時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值,有些題目會(huì)給大家收購(gòu)時(shí)NCI的價(jià)值,這時(shí)大家需要用公式:收購(gòu)時(shí)NCI價(jià)值+收購(gòu)后子公司權(quán)益的變動(dòng)*NCI控股=處置時(shí)的NCI的價(jià)值來(lái)算出處置時(shí)的NCI。

      下面我們用2道題來(lái)分析對(duì)比處置子公司單體報(bào)表和合并報(bào)表的處理:

      1. Wind purchased 80% of the ordinary shares Snow for $8 million many years ago and holds the investment in its individual statement of financial position at cost. On 30 September 20X3, Wind disposed of its shares in Snow for $20 million in cash.

      What is the profit arising on the disposal of the shares that will be recorded in Wind’s individual statement of profit or loss for the year ended 30 September 20X3? $

      下面我們來(lái)分析本題:

      Individual statement of P/L表示本題計(jì)算的是單體報(bào)表的處置利得或損失,因此本題要計(jì)算母公司收到的處置收入和處置時(shí)這筆投資在母公司單體報(bào)表的賬面價(jià)值。

      W購(gòu)買80%的S公司股票,購(gòu)買對(duì)價(jià)8000K。單體報(bào)表按照成本法入賬,因此后續(xù)投資價(jià)值始終不變。

      在X3.9.30,W公司處置S公司,處置對(duì)價(jià)20,000K。

      根據(jù)公式我們可以得出:

      Profit/loss on disposal = Proceeds (fair value of consideration received) – carrying amount of the investment disposed of =20000K-8000K=12000K,即為本題答案。

      2. On 30 lune 20X4, the Tea group disposed of its 60% holding in the ordinary shares of Coffee for $30 million in cash. The non-controlling interest at the acquisition date was measured at its fair value of $4.4 million.

      Coffee's net assets at the acquisition and the disposal date were $10 million and $16 million respectively. Goodwill arising on the acquisition of Coffee of $2 million had been fully impaired by the disposal date.

      What is the profit or loss arising on the disposal of Coffee that will be recorded in the consolidated statement of profit or loss for the year ended 31 December 20X4?

      A Profit of $20.0 million B Profit of $18.2 million

      C Profit of $20.4 million D Profit of $20.2 million

      下面來(lái)分析本題:

      Consolidated statement of P/L表示本題計(jì)算合并報(bào)表的處置利得或損失。

      因此本題要計(jì)算母公司的處置收入,處置當(dāng)天NCI的價(jià)值、處置當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)的價(jià)值和處置當(dāng)天的商譽(yù)。

      X4.6.30集團(tuán)處置60%的C公司股份,收到30m現(xiàn)金,收購(gòu)日當(dāng)天NCI的價(jià)值4400K。

      收購(gòu)日當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)10000K,處置當(dāng)天子公司凈資產(chǎn)16000K。

      收購(gòu)產(chǎn)生的2000K商譽(yù)在處置當(dāng)天完全減值。

      首先計(jì)算處置當(dāng)天NCI的數(shù)值。由于本題使用公允價(jià)值計(jì)量NCI,因此商譽(yù)的減值有一部分要分給NCI:

      NCI at disposal = 4400K+ (16000K-10000K)*40%-2000K*40%=6000K

      另外注意處置當(dāng)天商譽(yù)的價(jià)值減值到0,因此:

      Group profit/loss on disposal = fair value of consideration received + Fair value of NCI – Carrying amount at date of disposal– Goodwill at disposal = 30000K+6000K-16000K-0=20000K=20m

      謝謝大家,今天的講解到此結(jié)束,祝大家備考順利!

      來(lái)源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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    文章Application of New &amp; Revised IFRSs
    2023-08-17 13:53:17 431 瀏覽

    課程背景

      IFRS Update Course

      ?Are you prepared for the changes in International Financial Standards(IFRS)from 1 January 2013?

      ?Is your company a leasing company or do you lease many assets from premises to fleet of cars?Do you know what the expected changes in accounting for leasing are?

      ?Do you prepare consolidated financial statements?Have you heard of IFRS 10?

      ?Do you know that there is a new standard which deals with fair value?

      ?Are you a small or medium sized business?Do you know that you can use simplified version of IFRS for SMEs?

    Application of New\n & Revised IFRSs

      ?This 2-day course is appropriate for everyone who works with IFRS and needs to be up to date about changes to be implemented in the future.The course can be attended by people from various background and level of experience.

      ?Where appropriate we will discuss the current treatment and new application.

      ?We will discuss practical application and solve questions and case studies.

      ?All participants will receive printed material to save you time writing long notes and concentrate on understanding of

      the topics discussed.

    課程收益

      The course will include a presentation on the latest developments in IFRS,illustrated by examples and all thoroughly explained.To make it more lively,participants will work through a case study illustrating the use of existing and new IFRSs.We will specifically focus on the difficulties the transition from previous reporting to IFRS,with practical suggestions.

    課程對(duì)象

      CFO/CEO/CIO

      Finance Director/Manager/Controller

      Auditing Manager

      Accounting Manager

      Accounting Supervisor

      Investment/Financial/Equity Analysts

    課程大綱

      Convergence with US GAAP–Memorandum of Understanding

      ?Exposure draft-Leases with recent changes discussed by IASB

      ?Exposure draft–Revenue from Contracts with Customers

      ?IFRS 10:Consolidated financial statements

      ?IFRS 11:Joint arrangements

      ?IFRS 12:Disclosure of involvement with other entities

      ?IFRS 13:Fair value measurement

      ?Amendment to IAS 19:Employee Benefits

      ?Amendment to IAS 1:Presentation of items in other comprehensive income

      ?Amendment to IAS 12:Income Taxes

      ?IFRS 7:Transfer of financial assets

      ?Annual Improvements 2007–2009–summary of changes to IFRS 2,IFRS 5,IFRS 8,IAS 1,IAS 7,IAS 17,IAS 18,IAS 36,IAS 38 and IAS 39

      ?Annual Improvements 2008–2010–summary of changes to IFRS 1,IFRS 3,IFRS 7,IAS 1,IAS 27 and IAS 34

      ?Exposure draft:Annual Improvements 2009-2011

      ?IFRS 9:Financial instruments:the replacement of IAS 39

      ?IFRS for SMEs

    想了解最新詳細(xì)課程資料,點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)頁(yè)的在線咨詢圖標(biāo),與在線老師交流。

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    文章2021年CPA個(gè)別地區(qū)延期,會(huì)影響考試公平性嗎?
    2021-08-20 14:06:41 1436 瀏覽

      受疫情影響,自江蘇地區(qū)宣布考試延期以來(lái),河南、湖北兩個(gè)省份也相繼選擇推遲CPA考試時(shí)間。對(duì)此,很較多考生都很擔(dān)憂,并且也擔(dān)心考試延期是否會(huì)影響公平性、試題會(huì)不會(huì)變難等問(wèn)題,下面我們來(lái)看看吧。

    2021年CPA個(gè)別地區(qū)延期,會(huì)影響考試公平性嗎?

      一、考題泄露不可能

      先考試的地區(qū)題目泄露,是不可能的。

      首先,CPA試卷,無(wú)論是出題還是改卷,都由財(cái)政部注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師考試委員會(huì)和中國(guó)注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)共同負(fù)責(zé),是一個(gè)相當(dāng)嚴(yán)密的過(guò)程。

      其次,作為國(guó)內(nèi)含金量最高的考試,早在幾個(gè)月前CPA試卷的命題就已經(jīng)完成了,而且會(huì)準(zhǔn)備好幾份試卷,并且為了兼顧公平的問(wèn)題,每套試卷的難度相當(dāng)。

      備用卷的存在本身,就保證了考試的題目不會(huì)重復(fù),并不會(huì)有因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)地區(qū)晚了一段時(shí)間考試,就會(huì)得高分的情況。

      在今年江蘇湖南及湖北延考之前,注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師考試還未出現(xiàn)過(guò)局部延考的情況,所以備用試卷在往年中尚未啟用。或許今年,它們將發(fā)揮用武之地。

      二、復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間多了不公平?延期地區(qū)有自己的不容易

      今年的CPA考試相較前兩年來(lái)說(shuō),本身就提前了兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間。

      因此,很多考生為了八月底的考試,將工作任務(wù)等各方面安排都已經(jīng)協(xié)調(diào)好了,很多在校備考的同學(xué),也特意因?yàn)槭罴俚年P(guān)系,把考場(chǎng)選在了家鄉(xiāng)。

      所以,延期,也讓目前確定延期地區(qū)的考生們,需要開(kāi)始重新安排起自己的時(shí)間和規(guī)劃。

      目前,正常地區(qū)參考的朋友,在擔(dān)心自己復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間不夠的問(wèn)題;

      同時(shí),延遲地區(qū)的朋友,則擔(dān)心自己所在的區(qū)域考試難度會(huì)加大,待產(chǎn)的準(zhǔn)媽媽以及放假回家的學(xué)生,也覺(jué)得自己錯(cuò)過(guò)了今年的考試。

      所以,總結(jié)來(lái)看,是人人都有自己的憂慮和煩惱,但唯有做好眼下自己的事情,才是最重要、最踏實(shí)的。

      三、CPA考試延期,試題會(huì)變難嗎?

      關(guān)于考試難度的問(wèn)題,CPA老師的出題,其實(shí)是在很早之前就統(tǒng)一確定的了。事實(shí)上,不管你是在什么時(shí)間段參加考試,通過(guò)率(合格率)不會(huì)有特別大幅的變化。不可能今年因?yàn)槟硞€(gè)地區(qū)延期考試,就突然減少或增加了通過(guò)的比例。因此,對(duì)考生個(gè)人而言,并不會(huì)產(chǎn)生太大影響。

      無(wú)論你在什么時(shí)間、什么地點(diǎn)考試,考試的公平性,都是相對(duì)可控的。我們目前該做的,是按照計(jì)劃準(zhǔn)備考試。

      來(lái)源:本文由注會(huì)菌原創(chuàng)發(fā)布

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    文章IFRSs Update &amp; Comparison of PRC GAAP
    2023-08-17 14:15:03 366 瀏覽

    課程背景

      Great changes will take place in 2012 for IFRS,in this critical year,what key milestones can help you to ensure you will be well prepared for filing your first interim IFRS financial statements 2011 will be discussed in this training.

    IFRSs Update \n& Comparison of PRC GAAP

      In the context of increasing global usage of IFRS and expected convergence of PRC GAAP with IFRS over the coming years,we will discuss both the current differences between PRC GAAP and IFRS as well as highlighting some of the developments in IFRS that are currently under discussion.This training is appropriate for both the novice in IFRS financial reporting who needs to be up-to-date quickly,and the veteran financial professional who is looking for a refresher course which including current issues and projects.In this course we will highlight IFRS VS PRC GAAP with details to help you on applying these two standards into your real business.

    課程收益

      Understanding that accounting standards are not just a matter for specialists

      Cementing your knowledge of IFRS with hands-on case studies and examples

      Recognizing and going beyond the difference between IFRS and Chinese GAAP

      Technical analysis and discussion on the latest strategic updates and future direction of IFRS

      Implementing IFRS accounting for assets,liabilities and owners equity

      Revisiting basic concepts such as lease accounting,impairment,fair value,revenue recognition,contingencies,financial instruments,business combinations…

      Providing recent updates and their consequences including IFRS for small and medium-sized entities

      Guidance on the challenges to face when first time adoption or implementing new/or some specific standards

    課程對(duì)象

      CFO/CEO/CIO

      Finance Director/Manager/Controller

      Auditing Manager

      Accounting Manager

      Investment/Financial/Equity Analysts

    課程大綱

      Day 1

      A.Introduction to IFRS

      -Latest Developments at the IASB

      -Convergence with US GAAP

      -Convergence with Chinese GAAP

      -IFRS–a principle based framework of accounting

      -Summary of IFRS 2009-2011 updates

      -IFRS and fair value considerations,IFRS 13 Fair value measurement

      B.Assets

      -Current assets,IAS 2 Inventories/CAS 1 Inventories

      -Tangible fixed assets,IAS 16 Property,Plant and Equipment/CAS 4 Property,Plant and Equipment

      -Current update of lease accounting,IAS 17 Leases;ED/2010/9 Leases/CAS 21 Leasing

      -Intangible assets–intellectual property and development costs,IAS 38 Intangible assets/CAS 6 Intangible assets

      -Borrowing costs,IAS 23 Borrowing costs/CAS 17 Borrowing costs

      -Impairment,IAS 36 Impairment of assets/CAS 8 Impairment of assets

      C.Liabilities

      -Contingencies,IAS 37 Provisions,Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets/CAS,13 Contingencies

      -Retirement benefits,IAS 19 Employee Benefits/CAS 9 Employee Benefits

      -Update of financial instruments and hedge accounting,IFRS 7 Financial Instruments:Disclosures/CAS 37 Financial,Instruments:Presentation and Disclosures,IFRS 9 Financial Instruments/CAS 12 Debt restructuring;CAS 22 Financial Instruments:Recognition and Measurement,CAS 23 Transfer of Financial Assets;CAS 24 Hedging

      D.Income and expenditure

      -Revenue recognition,IAS 11 Construction contracts/CAS 15 Construction contracts,IAS 18 Revenue;ED/2010/6 Revenue from contracts with,customers/CAS 14 Revenue

      -Taxes,IAS 12 Income Taxes/CAS 18 Income Taxes

      -Other Income statement topics,IAS 20 Accounting for Government grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance/CAS 16 Government Grants,IAS 21 The effects of changes in foreign exchange rates/CAS 19 Foreign Currency Translation,IFRS 2 Shared-based Payment/CAS 11 Share-based payment,IFRS 8 Operating Segments/CAS 35 Segmental Reporting

      Day 2

      E.Consolidation and business combinations

      -What constitutes a business combinations,IFRS 3 Business combinations/CAS 20 Business combinations

      -Inclusion of investments with differing levels of control,IFRS 10 Consolidated financial statements/CAS 33,Consolidated financial statements,IFRS 11 Joint arrangements/CAS 2 Long term equity investments,IFRS 12 Disclosure of interest in other entities

      F.Financial statements and first time adoption

      -Disclosure requirements,IAS 1 Presentation of financial statements/CAS 30 Presentation of financial statements,IAS 7 Statements of cash-flows/CAS 31 Cash flow statements,IAS 8 Accounting policies,changes in accounting estimates and errors/CAS 28 Changes in accounting policies and estimates and correction of errors,IAS 10 Events after the reporting

      period/CAS 29 Events after the balance sheet date,IAS 24 Related party disclosures/CAS 36 Related party disclosures,IAS 33 Earnings per share/CAS 34 Earnings per share,IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting/CAS 32 Interim financial reporting,IFRS 5 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

      -First time application issues,IFRS 1 First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards/CAS 38 First Time Adoption of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises

      G.Summary of ASBE/CAS/IFRS differences

      -Recap the differences between old and new Chinese GAAP with IFRS

      H.IFRS for SMEs(Small and Medium Sized Enterprises)

      -To whom does it apply?

      -Differences Between“Full”IFRS and“IFRS for SMEs”


    想了解詳細(xì)課程資料,點(diǎn)擊網(wǎng)頁(yè)的在線咨詢圖標(biāo),與在線老師交流。

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    文章ACCA(FR)經(jīng)典題練習(xí),附知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解
    2021-10-22 11:05:01 375 瀏覽

      今天,會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)將通過(guò)ACCA考試兩道經(jīng)典例題,為大家講解一下FR(F7)??嫉闹R(shí)點(diǎn)。一個(gè)是與IFRS 5 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn),一個(gè)是與IAS 36 Impairment of assets 有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。

    ACCA(FR)經(jīng)典題練習(xí)

      首先大家先思考一個(gè)問(wèn)題,當(dāng)一項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之后,還能在繼續(xù)計(jì)提折舊嗎?相信很多同學(xué)對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)都忘記了。第二個(gè)問(wèn)題,持有待售固定資產(chǎn)是按照什么樣的方式計(jì)量的?

      下面,會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)給大家?guī)?lái)了兩道經(jīng)典例題:

    ACCA(FR)經(jīng)典題練習(xí)

      這道題的答案是:C

      一定要記清楚這兩個(gè)與持有待售固定資產(chǎn)有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn):

      1、在沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)換為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之前,那么該項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)是要作為PPE的,要正常的計(jì)提折舊,但是在這項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)成為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之后就不能再計(jì)提折舊了,所以這是解好這道題的第一個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)所在。

      2、要掌握好持有待售固定資產(chǎn),是要按照(carrying amount)與fair value -costs of disposal后的較低者計(jì)量。

    ACCA(FR)經(jīng)典題練習(xí)

      這道題的答案是:D

      很多同學(xué)都會(huì)對(duì)B選項(xiàng)產(chǎn)生疑惑。這是因?yàn)锽選項(xiàng)用到了財(cái)務(wù)管理里邊的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。利率增加,企業(yè)的折現(xiàn)率就會(huì)增加。那么就會(huì)造成減值。

      假設(shè)利率是5%,3年的時(shí)間。本金是10000.折現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)值就是=10000/{(1+5%)的三次方}約等于8638。假設(shè)現(xiàn)在利率增加到了10%。那么折現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)值就是10000/{(1+10%)的三次方}約等于7513。

      所以利率增加,折現(xiàn)率就會(huì)增加,就會(huì)造成減值。

      來(lái)源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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    文章ACCA(FR)科目經(jīng)典例題練習(xí),附考點(diǎn)詳解
    2021-05-12 14:41:20 702 瀏覽

      在ACCA考試中,(FR)一直都是考生們認(rèn)為是比較難的一個(gè)科目,對(duì)此會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)今天為大家講解一下FR(F7)??嫉闹R(shí)點(diǎn)。一個(gè)是與IFRS 5 Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn),一個(gè)是與IAS 36 Impairment of assets 有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。

    ACCA(FR)科目經(jīng)典例題練習(xí)

      首先大家先思考一個(gè)問(wèn)題,當(dāng)一項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之后,還能在繼續(xù)計(jì)提折舊嗎?相信很多同學(xué)對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)都忘記了。第二個(gè)問(wèn)題,持有待售固定資產(chǎn)是按照什么樣的方式計(jì)量的?

      下面,給大家?guī)?lái)了兩道經(jīng)典例題:

    ACCA(FR)科目經(jīng)典例題練習(xí)

      這道題的答案是:C

      一定要記清楚這兩個(gè)與持有待售固定資產(chǎn)有關(guān)的知識(shí)點(diǎn):1、在沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)換為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之前,那么該項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)是要作為PPE的,要正常的計(jì)提折舊,但是在這項(xiàng)資產(chǎn)成為持有待售固定資產(chǎn)之后就不能再計(jì)提折舊了,所以這是解好這道題的第一個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)所在。2、要掌握好持有待售固定資產(chǎn),是要按照(carrying amount)與fair value -costs of disposal后的較低者計(jì)量。

    ACCA(FR)科目經(jīng)典例題練習(xí)

      這道題的答案是:D

      很多同學(xué)都會(huì)對(duì)B選項(xiàng)產(chǎn)生疑惑。這是因?yàn)锽選項(xiàng)用到了財(cái)務(wù)管理里邊的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。利率增加,企業(yè)的折現(xiàn)率就會(huì)增加。那么就會(huì)造成減值。

      假設(shè)利率是5%,3年的時(shí)間。本金是10000.折現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)值就是=10000/{(1+5%)的三次方}約等于8638。假設(shè)現(xiàn)在利率增加到了10%。那么折現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)在的價(jià)值就是10000/{(1+10%)的三次方}約等于7513。

      所以利率增加,折現(xiàn)率就會(huì)增加,就會(huì)造成減值。

      來(lái)源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫

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    文章ACCA考試P1道德決策重點(diǎn)有哪些?怎么理解?
    2023-01-06 18:18:15 417 瀏覽

      ACCA考試P1道德決策重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)主要涉及兩個(gè)模型,分別是American Accounting Association(AAA)model和ucker’s 5-question model,相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解具體如下:

    ACCA考試P1道德決策重點(diǎn)有哪些?怎么理解?

    American Accounting Association(AAA)Model

      American Accounting Association(AAA)Model

      AAA model是Langenderfer and Rockness在1990年提出的,通過(guò)7個(gè)步驟做道德決策。

      案例:

      有一個(gè)審計(jì)師發(fā)現(xiàn)顧客(被審計(jì)單位)的財(cái)務(wù)賬上有不定期的現(xiàn)金收付款,但是財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)并不能很好地解釋該現(xiàn)象。審計(jì)師懷疑這些現(xiàn)金指出是為了賄賂某人,但沒(méi)有證據(jù)。這時(shí),被審計(jì)單位提出,如果審計(jì)師假裝沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些現(xiàn)金付款,那么審計(jì)師可以獲得一大筆錢。那么審計(jì)員應(yīng)該拿這筆錢嗎?

      Step 1:What are the facts of the case?案例情節(jié)事實(shí)是什么?

      事實(shí)是,審計(jì)師發(fā)現(xiàn)了“賄賂”證據(jù),但是又被提供賄賂來(lái)忽略這些證據(jù)。

      Step 2:What are the ethical issues in the case?案例涉及的道德問(wèn)題是什么?

      這里的道德問(wèn)題是,是否該接受這筆“賄賂”。一旦接受了這筆錢,審計(jì)師面臨著違法問(wèn)題acting illegally和專業(yè)疏失negligent of his professional duties。

      Step 3:What are the norms,principles,and values related to the case?與案例相關(guān)的“best practice”是什么(norms,principles,and values)

      按照股東和其他活躍在資本市場(chǎng)的相關(guān)人員要求,審計(jì)師應(yīng)當(dāng)正直impeccable integrity,并確保被審計(jì)單位提供真實(shí)而公允的財(cái)務(wù)狀況。任何妨礙或干擾審計(jì)師客觀性objectivity的行為都標(biāo)志著審計(jì)師不夠?qū)蓶|的負(fù)責(zé)a failure of the auditor’s duty to shareholders。

      Step 4:What are the alternative courses of action?針對(duì)案例,有哪些方案可供選擇?

      選擇1:接受賄賂,無(wú)視這些不正常的現(xiàn)金支付。

      選擇2:拒絕賄賂,并采取相關(guān)行動(dòng)。

      Step 5:What is the best course of action that is consistent with the norms,principles,and values identified in Step 3?第四步中的方案哪個(gè)與第三步中的“best practice”一致。

      按照第三步做出的指導(dǎo),審計(jì)師應(yīng)該拒絕賄賂(選擇2)。審計(jì)師應(yīng)該匯報(bào)這些非常規(guī)的現(xiàn)金支付,并且匯報(bào)被審計(jì)單位的行賄行為。

      Step 6:What are the consequences of each possible course of action?第四步中各方案的后果,考慮各方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。

      如果審計(jì)師選擇1,接受賄賂。

      優(yōu)點(diǎn):他將有錢,并提高生活水平。

      缺點(diǎn):有專業(yè)上和法律上的麻煩expose himself to the risk of being in both professional and legal trouble

      后果:他不得不“夾著尾巴做人”,因?yàn)樗雷约菏苜V了,而且這筆錢會(huì)演變成欠客戶的一筆債,因?yàn)樗揽蛻綦S時(shí)都可能揭發(fā)他。

      如果審計(jì)師選擇2,拒絕賄賂。

      缺點(diǎn):給顧客帶來(lái)一定的麻煩,也會(huì)影響未來(lái)的關(guān)系client–auditor relationship。

      優(yōu)點(diǎn):能保持并提高審計(jì)師的聲譽(yù)和社會(huì)地位,維護(hù)公眾對(duì)審計(jì)的信心,維護(hù)股東的最大利益。

      Step 7:What is the decision?最終的決策

      選擇2,審計(jì)師應(yīng)該拒絕賄賂。

    Tucker’s 5-question model

      Tucker’s 5-question model

      考慮5個(gè)問(wèn)題:

      ●Profitable?該項(xiàng)目對(duì)企業(yè)是否盈利?

      ●Legal?該項(xiàng)目是否合法?

      ●Fair?該項(xiàng)目對(duì)stakeholder是否公平?

      ●Right?該項(xiàng)目是否符合道德判斷?

      ●Sustainable or environmentally sound?該項(xiàng)目是否環(huán)保?

      這個(gè)模型與AAA模型略有不同。Tucker的模型并不僅僅涵蓋了道德決策。相對(duì)AAA模型,Tucker的模型還考慮了對(duì)于自然環(huán)境的影響environmental relevance,還有被審查企業(yè)的盈利能力profitability。

      這就意味著使用Tucker’s model需要更多思考。因?yàn)?個(gè)提問(wèn)中的3個(gè)(profitable,fair,and right)都需要額外的信息。

      1.is it profitable?問(wèn)盈利情況,是需要參照物可比的。

      2.is it fair?問(wèn)公平情況,是需要從誰(shuí)的角度來(lái)看depends on whose perspective,這件事是否公平。這涉及到利益相關(guān)者及其訴求問(wèn)題。

      3.is it right?問(wèn)是否正確,是需要看用什么樣的道德觀念。比如義務(wù)論者deontological perspective與目的論者teleological perspective對(duì)于同一件事會(huì)持不同的道德判斷。

      所以,為了清晰地呈現(xiàn)Tucker’s model的精髓,我們用2個(gè)決策場(chǎng)景來(lái)呈現(xiàn)該模型的應(yīng)用,一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單,一個(gè)稍微復(fù)雜一些。

      案例一:

      有一家大公司計(jì)劃在一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家建造一個(gè)新工廠。因?yàn)榱畠r(jià)勞動(dòng)力和較低的土地成本,建設(shè)新工廠比其他方案更有利可圖。該發(fā)展中國(guó)家的政府已經(jīng)幫助大公司合法入駐,當(dāng)?shù)鼐用褚财谂沃蜆I(yè)機(jī)會(huì),而這些工作又會(huì)帶來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。該工廠建立在一塊存在環(huán)境問(wèn)題的舊工地上,但是新的工廠的污染排放更低。

      Is it profitable?這項(xiàng)目賺錢嗎?

      Yes.因?yàn)榱畠r(jià)勞動(dòng)力和較低的土地成本,對(duì)于企業(yè)而言,建設(shè)新工廠比其他方案更有利可圖。

      Is it legal?這樣做合法嗎?

      Yes.該發(fā)展中國(guó)家的政府已經(jīng)幫助該公司合法入駐。

      Is it fair?這樣做公平嗎?

      就目前來(lái)看,yes.在案例中只提到一個(gè)利益相關(guān)者,那就是當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)力,非??释@個(gè)工作。案例沒(méi)有提到其他利益相關(guān)者因?yàn)樾聫S而受負(fù)面影響。

      Is it right?這樣做對(duì)嗎?

      Yes.案例中說(shuō)新廠能幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),也無(wú)反對(duì)意見(jiàn)。從結(jié)果的角度來(lái)說(shuō)based on consequence,這是對(duì)的。

      Is it sustainable or environmentally sound?對(duì)環(huán)境有利可持續(xù)發(fā)展嗎?

      Yes.案例中特別提到,新廠是環(huán)保的。

      案例二:

      有一家大公司將在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的投資建廠。但是,該建廠用地是從窮人手中強(qiáng)制征收的“貧民窟”,這導(dǎo)致了這批窮人無(wú)家可歸。

      Is it profitable?該項(xiàng)目是否賺錢?

      Yes.

      Is it legal?該項(xiàng)目是否合法?

      案例中沒(méi)有提到。

      Is it fair?這公平嗎?

      從窮人的角度來(lái)說(shuō),是不公平的。因?yàn)樗麄円虼藷o(wú)家可歸了。

      從公司的角度來(lái)說(shuō),是公平的。

      從勞動(dòng)力的角度來(lái)說(shuō),是公平的。因?yàn)槠髽I(yè)在此投資建廠,能帶動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)。

      Is it right?這樣做對(duì)嗎?

      窮人會(huì)從道德的角度斥責(zé)這樣“征收用地”是不對(duì)的。

      對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題,可以查看有沒(méi)有其他補(bǔ)救措施,比如在其他地方找住所解決窮人的居住問(wèn)題rehousing them。

      Is it sustainable or environmentally sound?這對(duì)環(huán)境可持續(xù)嗎?

      對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境無(wú)惡性污染。

    ACCA考試P1知識(shí)點(diǎn)結(jié)論

      在考試中,考生需要用其中一個(gè)模型去分析案例。

      如果題目中的案例情況非常復(fù)雜,那么答案也需要體現(xiàn)這種復(fù)雜性。比如,在運(yùn)用模型的同時(shí)用正反兩種觀點(diǎn)分別闡述,并在下結(jié)論的時(shí)候也需要體現(xiàn)正反觀點(diǎn)。而事實(shí)上,只有在案例很清晰,或者案例信息很少的情況下,結(jié)論才會(huì)比較直截了當(dāng)straightforward。

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